Characters of representations for molecular motions
Motion |
E |
2C8 |
2C4 |
2(C8)3 |
C2 |
4C'2 |
4C''2 |
i |
2(S8)3 |
2S4 |
2S8 |
σh |
4σv |
4σd |
Cartesian 3N |
48 |
0.000 |
0 |
-0.000 |
0 |
-4 |
0 |
0 |
-0.000 |
0 |
0.000 |
16 |
4 |
0 |
Translation (x,y,z) |
3 |
2.414 |
1 |
-0.414 |
-1 |
-1 |
-1 |
-3 |
-2.414 |
-1 |
0.414 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
Rotation (Rx,Ry,Rz) |
3 |
2.414 |
1 |
-0.414 |
-1 |
-1 |
-1 |
3 |
2.414 |
1 |
-0.414 |
-1 |
-1 |
-1 |
Vibration |
42 |
-4.828 |
-2 |
0.828 |
2 |
-2 |
2 |
0 |
-0.000 |
0 |
-0.000 |
16 |
4 |
0 |
Decomposition to irreducible representations
Motion |
A1g |
A2g |
B1g |
B2g |
E1g |
E2g |
E3g |
A1u |
A2u |
B1u |
B2u |
E1u |
E2u |
E3u |
Total |
Cartesian 3N |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
30 |
Translation (x,y,z) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
Rotation (Rx,Ry,Rz) |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
Vibration |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
26 |
Molecular parameter
Number of Atoms (N) |
16
|
Number of internal coordinates |
42
|
Number of independant internal coordinates |
2
|
Number of vibrational modes |
26
|
Force field analysis
Allowed / forbidden vibronational transitions
Operator |
A1g |
A2g |
B1g |
B2g |
E1g |
E2g |
E3g |
A1u |
A2u |
B1u |
B2u |
E1u |
E2u |
E3u |
Total |
Linear (IR) |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
4 / 22 |
Quadratic (Raman) |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
7 / 19 |
IR + Raman |
- - - - |
1 |
2 |
2 |
- - - - |
- - - - |
2 |
0 |
- - - - |
0 |
2 |
- - - - |
2 |
4 |
0* / 15 |
* Parity Mutual Exclusion Principle
Characters of force fields
(Symmetric powers of vibration representation)
Force field |
E |
2C8 |
2C4 |
2(C8)3 |
C2 |
4C'2 |
4C''2 |
i |
2(S8)3 |
2S4 |
2S8 |
σh |
4σv |
4σd |
linear |
42 |
-4.828 |
-2 |
0.828 |
2 |
-2 |
2 |
0 |
-0.000 |
0 |
-0.000 |
16 |
4 |
0 |
quadratic |
903 |
10.657 |
3 |
-0.657 |
23 |
23 |
23 |
21 |
-1.000 |
1 |
-1.000 |
149 |
29 |
21 |
cubic |
13.244 |
-13.657 |
-4 |
-2.343 |
44 |
-44 |
44 |
0 |
0.000 |
0 |
0.000 |
1.024 |
96 |
0 |
quartic |
148.995 |
10.657 |
15 |
-0.657 |
275 |
275 |
275 |
231 |
1.000 |
11 |
1.000 |
5.735 |
415 |
231 |
quintic |
1.370.754 |
-4.828 |
-26 |
0.828 |
506 |
-506 |
506 |
0 |
-0.000 |
0 |
-0.000 |
27.568 |
1.196 |
0 |
sextic |
10.737.573 |
1.000 |
37 |
1.000 |
2.277 |
2.277 |
2.277 |
1.771 |
-1.000 |
11 |
-1.000 |
117.483 |
3.979 |
1.771 |
Decomposition to irreducible representations
Column with number of nonvanshing force constants highlighted
Force field |
A1g |
A2g |
B1g |
B2g |
E1g |
E2g |
E3g |
A1u |
A2u |
B1u |
B2u |
E1u |
E2u |
E3u |
linear |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
quadratic |
47 |
23 |
35 |
33 |
48 |
68 |
46 |
24 |
25 |
22 |
24 |
64 |
47 |
62 |
cubic |
458 |
434 |
449 |
447 |
760 |
895 |
762 |
370 |
394 |
361 |
407 |
888 |
767 |
890 |
quartic |
5.003 |
4.704 |
4.875 |
4.829 |
8.952 |
9.699 |
8.950 |
4.467 |
4.491 |
4.455 |
4.501 |
9.640 |
8.956 |
9.638 |
quintic |
43.861 |
43.562 |
43.735 |
43.689 |
83.917 |
87.430 |
83.918 |
41.839 |
42.138 |
41.713 |
42.265 |
87.363 |
83.984 |
87.364 |
sextic |
340.638 |
338.062 |
339.626 |
339.074 |
663.724 |
678.688 |
663.724 |
331.746 |
332.045 |
331.619 |
332.171 |
678.188 |
663.784 |
678.188 |
Further Reading
- J.K.G. Watson, J. Mol. Spec. 41 229 (1972)
The Numbers of Structural Parameters and Potential Constants of Molecules
- X.F. Zhou, P. Pulay. J. Comp. Chem. 10 No. 7, 935-938 (1989)
Characters for Symmetric and Antisymmetric Higher Powers of Representations:
Application to the Number of Anharmonic Force Constants in Symmetrical Molecules
- F. Varga, L. Nemes, J.K.G. Watson. J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 10 No. 7, 5043-5048 (1996)
The number of anharmonic potential constants of the fullerenes C60 and C70
Contributions to nonvanishing force field constants
pos(X) : Position of irreducible representation (irrep) X in character table of D
8h
Subtotal: <Number of nonvanishing force constants in subsection> / <number of nonzero irrep combinations in subsection> / <number of irrep combinations in subsection>
Total: <Number of nonvanishing force constants in force field> / <number of nonzero irrep combinations in force field> / <number of irrep combinations in force field>
Contributions to nonvanishing quadratic force field constants
Irrep combinations (i,i) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ pos(E3u) |
..3. |
A1gA1g. | ..1. |
A2gA2g. | ..3. |
B1gB1g. | ..3. |
B2gB2g. | ..1. |
E1gE1g. | ..10. |
E2gE2g. | ..3. |
E3gE3g. | ..1. |
A2uA2u. | ..3. |
B2uB2u. | ..6. |
E1uE1u. |
..3. |
E2uE2u. | ..10. |
E3uE3u. | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Subtotal: 47 / 12 / 14 |
Irrep combinations (i,j) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ j ≤ pos(E3u) |
Subtotal: 0 / 0 / 91 |
Total: 47 / 12 / 105 |
Contributions to nonvanishing cubic force field constants
Irrep combinations (i,i,i) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ pos(E3u) |
..4. |
A1gA1gA1g. | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Subtotal: 4 / 1 / 14 |
Irrep combinations (i,i,j) (i,j,j) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ j ≤ pos(E3u) |
..4. |
E1gE1gE2g. | ..2. |
A1gA2gA2g. | ..6. |
A1gB1gB1g. | ..6. |
A1gB2gB2g. | ..2. |
A1gE1gE1g. | ..20. |
A1gE2gE2g. | ..6. |
A1gE3gE3g. | ..2. |
A1gA2uA2u. | ..6. |
A1gB2uB2u. | ..12. |
A1gE1uE1u. |
..6. |
A1gE2uE2u. | ..20. |
A1gE3uE3u. | ..6. |
A2gE2gE2g. | ..1. |
A2gE3gE3g. | ..3. |
A2gE1uE1u. | ..1. |
A2gE2uE2u. | ..6. |
A2gE3uE3u. | ..20. |
B1gE2gE2g. | ..6. |
B1gE2uE2u. | ..20. |
B2gE2gE2g. |
..6. |
B2gE2uE2u. | ..12. |
E2gE3gE3g. | ..24. |
E2gE1uE1u. | ..40. |
E2gE3uE3u. | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Subtotal: 237 / 24 / 182 |
Irrep combinations (i,j,k) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ j ≤ k ≤ pos(E3u) |
..4. |
A2gB1gB2g. | ..4. |
B1gE1gE3g. | ..4. |
B1gA2uB2u. | ..24. |
B1gE1uE3u. | ..4. |
B2gE1gE3g. | ..24. |
B2gE1uE3u. | ..8. |
E1gE2gE3g. | ..3. |
E1gA2uE1u. | ..8. |
E1gB2uE3u. | ..6. |
E1gE1uE2u. |
..8. |
E1gE2uE3u. | ..8. |
E2gA2uE2u. | ..16. |
E2gB2uE2u. | ..48. |
E2gE1uE3u. | ..8. |
E3gA2uE3u. | ..12. |
E3gB2uE1u. | ..12. |
E3gE1uE2u. | ..16. |
E3gE2uE3u. | | |
| |
Subtotal: 217 / 18 / 364 |
Total: 458 / 43 / 560 |
Contributions to nonvanishing quartic force field constants
Irrep combinations (i,i,i,i) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ pos(E3u) |
..5. |
A1gA1gA1gA1g. | ..1. |
A2gA2gA2gA2g. | ..5. |
B1gB1gB1gB1g. | ..5. |
B2gB2gB2gB2g. | ..1. |
E1gE1gE1gE1g. | ..90. |
E2gE2gE2gE2g. | ..6. |
E3gE3gE3gE3g. | ..1. |
A2uA2uA2uA2u. | ..5. |
B2uB2uB2uB2u. | ..21. |
E1uE1uE1uE1u. |
..11. |
E2uE2uE2uE2u. | ..55. |
E3uE3uE3uE3u. | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Subtotal: 206 / 12 / 14 |
Irrep combinations (i,i,i,j) (i,j,j,j) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ j ≤ pos(E3u) |
..2. |
E1gE1gE1gE3g. | ..40. |
E1uE1uE1uE3u. | ..4. |
E1gE3gE3gE3g. | ..60. |
E1uE3uE3uE3u. | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Subtotal: 106 / 4 / 182 |
Irrep combinations (i,i,j,j) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ j ≤ pos(E3u) |
..3. |
A1gA1gA2gA2g. | ..9. |
A1gA1gB1gB1g. | ..9. |
A1gA1gB2gB2g. | ..3. |
A1gA1gE1gE1g. | ..30. |
A1gA1gE2gE2g. | ..9. |
A1gA1gE3gE3g. | ..3. |
A1gA1gA2uA2u. | ..9. |
A1gA1gB2uB2u. | ..18. |
A1gA1gE1uE1u. | ..9. |
A1gA1gE2uE2u. |
..30. |
A1gA1gE3uE3u. | ..3. |
A2gA2gB1gB1g. | ..3. |
A2gA2gB2gB2g. | ..1. |
A2gA2gE1gE1g. | ..10. |
A2gA2gE2gE2g. | ..3. |
A2gA2gE3gE3g. | ..1. |
A2gA2gA2uA2u. | ..3. |
A2gA2gB2uB2u. | ..6. |
A2gA2gE1uE1u. | ..3. |
A2gA2gE2uE2u. |
..10. |
A2gA2gE3uE3u. | ..9. |
B1gB1gB2gB2g. | ..3. |
B1gB1gE1gE1g. | ..30. |
B1gB1gE2gE2g. | ..9. |
B1gB1gE3gE3g. | ..3. |
B1gB1gA2uA2u. | ..9. |
B1gB1gB2uB2u. | ..18. |
B1gB1gE1uE1u. | ..9. |
B1gB1gE2uE2u. | ..30. |
B1gB1gE3uE3u. |
..3. |
B2gB2gE1gE1g. | ..30. |
B2gB2gE2gE2g. | ..9. |
B2gB2gE3gE3g. | ..3. |
B2gB2gA2uA2u. | ..9. |
B2gB2gB2uB2u. | ..18. |
B2gB2gE1uE1u. | ..9. |
B2gB2gE2uE2u. | ..30. |
B2gB2gE3uE3u. | ..10. |
E1gE1gE2gE2g. | ..6. |
E1gE1gE3gE3g. |
..1. |
E1gE1gA2uA2u. | ..3. |
E1gE1gB2uB2u. | ..12. |
E1gE1gE1uE1u. | ..3. |
E1gE1gE2uE2u. | ..20. |
E1gE1gE3uE3u. | ..36. |
E2gE2gE3gE3g. | ..10. |
E2gE2gA2uA2u. | ..30. |
E2gE2gB2uB2u. | ..78. |
E2gE2gE1uE1u. | ..96. |
E2gE2gE2uE2u. |
..136. |
E2gE2gE3uE3u. | ..3. |
E3gE3gA2uA2u. | ..9. |
E3gE3gB2uB2u. | ..39. |
E3gE3gE1uE1u. | ..10. |
E3gE3gE2uE2u. | ..66. |
E3gE3gE3uE3u. | ..3. |
A2uA2uB2uB2u. | ..6. |
A2uA2uE1uE1u. | ..3. |
A2uA2uE2uE2u. | ..10. |
A2uA2uE3uE3u. |
..18. |
B2uB2uE1uE1u. | ..9. |
B2uB2uE2uE2u. | ..30. |
B2uB2uE3uE3u. | ..21. |
E1uE1uE2uE2u. | ..138. |
E1uE1uE3uE3u. | ..36. |
E2uE2uE3uE3u. | | |
| |
| |
| |
Subtotal: 1.248 / 66 / 91 |
Irrep combinations (i,i,j,k) (i,j,j,k) (i,j,k,k) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ j ≤ k ≤ pos(E3u) |
..2. |
E1gE1gA2uE2u. | ..4. |
E1gE1gB2uE2u. | ..12. |
E1gE1gE1uE3u. | ..20. |
E2gE2gA2uB2u. | ..240. |
E2gE2gE1uE3u. | ..6. |
E3gE3gA2uE2u. | ..12. |
E3gE3gB2uE2u. | ..36. |
E3gE3gE1uE3u. | ..8. |
A1gE1gE1gE2g. | ..4. |
A2gE1gE1gE2g. |
..8. |
B1gE1gE1gE2g. | ..8. |
B2gE1gE1gE2g. | ..40. |
E1gE2gE2gE3g. | ..12. |
A2uE1uE1uE2u. | ..24. |
B2uE1uE1uE2u. | ..72. |
E1uE2uE2uE3u. | ..12. |
A1gA2gE2gE2g. | ..2. |
A1gA2gE3gE3g. | ..6. |
A1gA2gE1uE1u. | ..2. |
A1gA2gE2uE2u. |
..12. |
A1gA2gE3uE3u. | ..40. |
A1gB1gE2gE2g. | ..12. |
A1gB1gE2uE2u. | ..40. |
A1gB2gE2gE2g. | ..12. |
A1gB2gE2uE2u. | ..24. |
A1gE2gE3gE3g. | ..48. |
A1gE2gE1uE1u. | ..80. |
A1gE2gE3uE3u. | ..20. |
A2gB1gE2gE2g. | ..6. |
A2gB1gE2uE2u. |
..20. |
A2gB2gE2gE2g. | ..6. |
A2gB2gE2uE2u. | ..12. |
A2gE2gE3gE3g. | ..24. |
A2gE2gE1uE1u. | ..40. |
A2gE2gE3uE3u. | ..24. |
B1gB2gE2gE2g. | ..4. |
B1gB2gE3gE3g. | ..12. |
B1gB2gE1uE1u. | ..4. |
B1gB2gE2uE2u. | ..24. |
B1gB2gE3uE3u. |
..24. |
B1gE2gE3gE3g. | ..48. |
B1gE2gE1uE1u. | ..80. |
B1gE2gE3uE3u. | ..24. |
B2gE2gE3gE3g. | ..48. |
B2gE2gE1uE1u. | ..80. |
B2gE2gE3uE3u. | ..12. |
E1gE3gE1uE1u. | ..12. |
E1gE3gE2uE2u. | ..20. |
E1gE3gE3uE3u. | ..6. |
A2uB2uE2uE2u. |
..20. |
A2uE2uE3uE3u. | ..40. |
B2uE2uE3uE3u. | | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Subtotal: 1.408 / 52 / 1.092 |
Irrep combinations (i,j,k,l) with indices: pos(A1g) ≤ i ≤ j ≤ k ≤ l ≤ pos(E3u) |
..8. |
A1gA2gB1gB2g. | ..8. |
A1gB1gE1gE3g. | ..8. |
A1gB1gA2uB2u. | ..48. |
A1gB1gE1uE3u. | ..8. |
A1gB2gE1gE3g. | ..48. |
A1gB2gE1uE3u. | ..16. |
A1gE1gE2gE3g. | ..6. |
A1gE1gA2uE1u. | ..16. |
A1gE1gB2uE3u. | ..12. |
A1gE1gE1uE2u. |
..16. |
A1gE1gE2uE3u. | ..16. |
A1gE2gA2uE2u. | ..32. |
A1gE2gB2uE2u. | ..96. |
A1gE2gE1uE3u. | ..16. |
A1gE3gA2uE3u. | ..24. |
A1gE3gB2uE1u. | ..24. |
A1gE3gE1uE2u. | ..32. |
A1gE3gE2uE3u. | ..4. |
A2gB1gE1gE3g. | ..24. |
A2gB1gE1uE3u. |
..4. |
A2gB2gE1gE3g. | ..4. |
A2gB2gA2uB2u. | ..24. |
A2gB2gE1uE3u. | ..8. |
A2gE1gE2gE3g. | ..3. |
A2gE1gA2uE1u. | ..8. |
A2gE1gB2uE3u. | ..6. |
A2gE1gE1uE2u. | ..8. |
A2gE1gE2uE3u. | ..8. |
A2gE2gA2uE2u. | ..16. |
A2gE2gB2uE2u. |
..48. |
A2gE2gE1uE3u. | ..8. |
A2gE3gA2uE3u. | ..12. |
A2gE3gB2uE1u. | ..12. |
A2gE3gE1uE2u. | ..16. |
A2gE3gE2uE3u. | ..16. |
B1gE1gE2gE3g. | ..8. |
B1gE1gA2uE3u. | ..12. |
B1gE1gB2uE1u. | ..12. |
B1gE1gE1uE2u. | ..16. |
B1gE1gE2uE3u. |
..16. |
B1gE2gA2uE2u. | ..32. |
B1gE2gB2uE2u. | ..96. |
B1gE2gE1uE3u. | ..12. |
B1gE3gA2uE1u. | ..32. |
B1gE3gB2uE3u. | ..24. |
B1gE3gE1uE2u. | ..32. |
B1gE3gE2uE3u. | ..16. |
B2gE1gE2gE3g. | ..8. |
B2gE1gA2uE3u. | ..12. |
B2gE1gB2uE1u. |
..12. |
B2gE1gE1uE2u. | ..16. |
B2gE1gE2uE3u. | ..16. |
B2gE2gA2uE2u. | ..32. |
B2gE2gB2uE2u. | ..96. |
B2gE2gE1uE3u. | ..12. |
B2gE3gA2uE1u. | ..32. |
B2gE3gB2uE3u. | ..24. |
B2gE3gE1uE2u. | ..32. |
B2gE3gE2uE3u. | ..12. |
E1gE2gA2uE1u. |
..16. |
E1gE2gA2uE3u. | ..24. |
E1gE2gB2uE1u. | ..32. |
E1gE2gB2uE3u. | ..48. |
E1gE2gE1uE2u. | ..64. |
E1gE2gE2uE3u. | ..4. |
E1gE3gA2uB2u. | ..4. |
E1gE3gA2uE2u. | ..8. |
E1gE3gB2uE2u. | ..72. |
E1gE3gE1uE3u. | ..24. |
E2gE3gA2uE1u. |
..32. |
E2gE3gA2uE3u. | ..48. |
E2gE3gB2uE1u. | ..64. |
E2gE3gB2uE3u. | ..96. |
E2gE3gE1uE2u. | ..128. |
E2gE3gE2uE3u. | ..24. |
A2uB2uE1uE3u. | ..24. |
A2uE1uE2uE3u. | ..48. |
B2uE1uE2uE3u. | | |
| |
Subtotal: 2.035 / 78 / 1.001 |
Total: 5.003 / 212 / 2.380 |
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Last update November, 13th 2023 by A. Gelessus, Impressum, Datenschutzerklärung/DataPrivacyStatement